The Nexus of Quantum Computing and Cryptography: Threats and Potential Innovations

The advancement of quantum computing presents a significant threat to traditional cryptography, particularly public-key encryption methods like RSA and elliptic curve cryptography, as quantum algorithms like Shor’s can quickly crack them. The emerging field of post-quantum cryptography offers hope by developing encryption methods resistant to quantum attacks, such as lattice-based, code-based, and hash-based cryptography.